POSTSUPER(1)		    General Commands Manual		  POSTSUPER(1)



NAME
       postsuper - Postfix superintendent

SYNOPSIS
       postsuper [-psv] [-c config_dir] [-d queue_id]
	       [-h queue_id] [-H queue_id]
	       [-r queue_id] [directory ...]

DESCRIPTION
       The  postsuper(1)  command  does maintenance jobs on the Postfix queue.
       Use  of	the  command  is  restricted  to  the  superuser.    See   the
       postqueue(1)  command for unprivileged queue operations such as listing
       or flushing the mail queue.

       By default, postsuper(1) performs the operations requested with the  -s
       and  -p	command-line  options  on all Postfix queue directories - this
       includes the incoming, active and deferred directories with mail	 files
       and the bounce, defer, trace and flush directories with log files.

       Options:

       -c config_dir
	      The main.cf configuration file is in the named directory instead
	      of the default configuration directory. See also the MAIL_CONFIG
	      environment setting below.

       -d queue_id
	      Delete  one  message with the named queue ID from the named mail
	      queue(s) (default: hold, incoming, active and deferred).

	      If a queue_id of - is specified, the  program  reads  queue  IDs
	      from  standard  input.  For  example,  to	 delete	 all mail with
	      exactly one recipient user@example.com:

	      mailq | tail +2 | grep -v '^ *(' | awk  'BEGIN { RS = "" }
		  # $7=sender, $8=recipient1, $9=recipient2
		  { if ($8 == "user@example.com" && $9 == "")
			print $1 }
	      ' | tr -d '*!' | postsuper -d -

	      Specify "-d ALL" to remove all messages;	for  example,  specify
	      "-d  ALL deferred" to delete all mail in the deferred queue.  As
	      a safety measure, the word ALL must be specified in upper case.

	      Warning: Postfix queue IDs are reused.  There is	a  very	 small
	      possibility  that	 postsuper deletes the wrong message file when
	      it is executed while the Postfix mail system is delivering mail.

	      The scenario is as follows:

	      1)     The Postfix queue manager deletes the message that	 post-
		     super(1)  is asked to delete, because Postfix is finished
		     with the message (it is delivered, or it is  returned  to
		     the sender).

	      2)     New  mail	arrives, and the new message is given the same
		     queue ID as the message that postsuper(1) is supposed  to
		     delete.   The  probability for reusing a deleted queue ID
		     is about 1 in 2**15 (the number of different  microsecond
		     values  that  the	system	clock can distinguish within a
		     second).

	      3)     postsuper(1) deletes the new message, instead of the  old
		     message that it should have deleted.

       -h queue_id
	      Put  mail	 "on  hold"  so that no attempt is made to deliver it.
	      Move one message with the named queue ID	from  the  named  mail
	      queue(s)	(default:  incoming,  active and deferred) to the hold
	      queue.

	      If a queue_id of - is specified, the  program  reads  queue  IDs
	      from standard input.

	      Specify  "-h ALL" to hold all messages; for example, specify "-h
	      ALL deferred" to hold all mail in	 the  deferred	queue.	 As  a
	      safety measure, the word ALL must be specified in upper case.

	      Note:  while  mail is "on hold" it will not expire when its time
	      in   the	 queue	 exceeds   the	  maximal_queue_lifetime    or
	      bounce_queue_lifetime  setting. It becomes subject to expiration
	      after it is released from "hold".

	      This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later.

       -H queue_id
	      Release mail that was put "on hold".  Move one message with  the
	      named  queue  ID from the named mail queue(s) (default: hold) to
	      the deferred queue.

	      If a queue_id of - is specified, the  program  reads  queue  IDs
	      from standard input.

	      Note:  specify  "postsuper  -r" to release mail that was kept on
	      hold for a significant fraction  of  $maximal_queue_lifetime  or
	      $bounce_queue_lifetime, or longer.

	      Specify  "-H  ALL"  to release all mail that is "on hold".  As a
	      safety measure, the word ALL must be specified in upper case.

	      This feature is available in Postfix 2.0 and later.

       -p     Purge old temporary files that are left  over  after  system  or
	      software crashes.

       -r queue_id
	      Requeue  the message with the named queue ID from the named mail
	      queue(s) (default: hold, incoming,  active  and  deferred).   To
	      requeue  multiple	 messages,  specify  multiple  -r command-line
	      options.

	      Alternatively, if a queue_id of  -  is  specified,  the  program
	      reads queue IDs from standard input.

	      Specify  "-r  ALL" to requeue all messages. As a safety measure,
	      the word ALL must be specified in upper case.

	      A requeued message is moved to the maildrop queue, from where it
	      is copied by the pickup(8) and cleanup(8) daemons to a new queue
	      file. In many respects its handling differs from that of	a  new
	      local submission.

	      o	     The  message  is  not  subjected  to the smtpd_milters or
		     non_smtpd_milters settings.  When mail has passed through
		     an	 external content filter, this would produce incorrect
		     results with Milter applications that depend on  original
		     SMTP connection state information.

	      o	     The  message is subjected again to mail address rewriting
		     and substitution.	This is useful when rewriting rules or
		     virtual mappings have changed.

		     The  address  rewriting  context (local or remote) is the
		     same as when the message was received.

	      o	     The message is subjected to the same content_filter  set-
		     tings  (if	 any)  as used for new local mail submissions.
		     This is useful when content_filter settings have changed.

	      Warning: Postfix queue IDs are reused.  There is	a  very	 small
	      possibility  that	 postsuper(1)  requeues the wrong message file
	      when it is executed while the Postfix mail  system  is  running,
	      but no harm should be done.

	      This feature is available in Postfix 1.1 and later.

       -s     Structure	 check and structure repair.  This should be done once
	      before Postfix startup.

	      o	     Rename files whose name does not match the	 message  file
		     inode number. This operation is necessary after restoring
		     a mail queue from a different  machine,  or  from	backup
		     media.

	      o	     Move  queue files that are in the wrong place in the file
		     system hierarchy and remove subdirectories	 that  are  no
		     longer  needed.   File position rearrangements are neces-
		     sary  after  a  change  in	 the  hash_queue_names	and/or
		     hash_queue_depth configuration parameters.

       -v     Enable  verbose  logging	for  debugging	purposes.  Multiple -v
	      options make the software increasingly verbose.

DIAGNOSTICS
       Problems are reported to the standard error stream and to syslogd(8).

       postsuper(1) reports the number of messages deleted with -d, the number
       of  messages  requeued  with -r, and the number of messages whose queue
       file name was fixed with -s. The report	is  written  to	 the  standard
       error stream and to syslogd(8).

ENVIRONMENT
       MAIL_CONFIG
	      Directory with the main.cf file.

BUGS
       Mail that is not sanitized by Postfix (i.e. mail in the maildrop queue)
       cannot be placed "on hold".

CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS
       The following main.cf parameters are especially relevant to  this  pro-
       gram.   The  text  below	 provides  only a parameter summary. See post-
       conf(5) for more details including examples.

       config_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      The default location of the Postfix main.cf and  master.cf  con-
	      figuration files.

       hash_queue_depth (1)
	      The  number  of subdirectory levels for queue directories listed
	      with the hash_queue_names parameter.

       hash_queue_names (deferred, defer)
	      The names of queue directories that are  split  across  multiple
	      subdirectory levels.

       queue_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      The location of the Postfix top-level queue directory.

       syslog_facility (mail)
	      The syslog facility of Postfix logging.

       syslog_name (see 'postconf -d' output)
	      The  mail	 system	 name that is prepended to the process name in
	      syslog records, so that "smtpd"  becomes,	 for  example,	"post-
	      fix/smtpd".

SEE ALSO
       sendmail(1), Sendmail-compatible user interface
       postqueue(1), unprivileged queue operations

LICENSE
       The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.

AUTHOR(S)
       Wietse Venema
       IBM T.J. Watson Research
       P.O. Box 704
       Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA



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