REVOKE()			 SQL Commands			      REVOKE()



NAME
       REVOKE - remove access privileges


SYNOPSIS
       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
	   { { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | DELETE | RULE | REFERENCES | TRIGGER }
	   [,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
	   ON [ TABLE ] tablename [, ...]
	   FROM { username | GROUP groupname | PUBLIC } [, ...]
	   [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
	   { { CREATE | TEMPORARY | TEMP } [,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
	   ON DATABASE dbname [, ...]
	   FROM { username | GROUP groupname | PUBLIC } [, ...]
	   [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
	   { EXECUTE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
	   ON FUNCTION funcname ( [ [ argmode ] [ argname ] argtype [, ...] ] ) [, ...]
	   FROM { username | GROUP groupname | PUBLIC } [, ...]
	   [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
	   { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
	   ON LANGUAGE langname [, ...]
	   FROM { username | GROUP groupname | PUBLIC } [, ...]
	   [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
	   { { CREATE | USAGE } [,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
	   ON SCHEMA schemaname [, ...]
	   FROM { username | GROUP groupname | PUBLIC } [, ...]
	   [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
	   { CREATE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
	   ON TABLESPACE tablespacename [, ...]
	   FROM { username | GROUP groupname | PUBLIC } [, ...]
	   [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ ADMIN OPTION FOR ]
	   role [, ...] FROM username [, ...]
	   [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]


DESCRIPTION
       The  REVOKE  command  revokes previously granted privileges from one or
       more roles. The key word PUBLIC refers to the implicitly defined	 group
       of all roles.

       See  the description of the GRANT [grant(7)] command for the meaning of
       the privilege types.

       Note that any particular role will have the sum of  privileges  granted
       directly to it, privileges granted to any role it is presently a member
       of, and privileges granted  to  PUBLIC.	Thus,  for  example,  revoking
       SELECT  privilege  from PUBLIC does not necessarily mean that all roles
       have lost SELECT privilege on the object: those	who  have  it  granted
       directly or via another role will still have it.

       If  GRANT OPTION FOR is specified, only the grant option for the privi-
       lege is revoked, not the privilege itself.  Otherwise, both the	privi-
       lege and the grant option are revoked.

       If  a  user  holds  a privilege with grant option and has granted it to
       other users then the privileges held by those other  users  are	called
       dependent  privileges. If the privilege or the grant option held by the
       first user is being  revoked  and  dependent  privileges	 exist,	 those
       dependent privileges are also revoked if CASCADE is specified, else the
       revoke action will fail. This recursive revocation only affects	privi-
       leges  that  were granted through a chain of users that is traceable to
       the user that is	 the  subject  of  this	 REVOKE	 command.   Thus,  the
       affected	 users	may  effectively  keep	the  privilege	if it was also
       granted through other users.

       When revoking membership in a role,  GRANT  OPTION  is  instead	called
       ADMIN OPTION, but the behavior is similar.  Note also that this form of
       the command does not allow the noise word GROUP.

NOTES
       Use psql(1)'s \z command to display the privileges granted on  existing
       objects. See GRANT [grant(7)] for information about the format.

       A  user	can  only revoke privileges that were granted directly by that
       user. If, for example, user A has granted a privilege with grant option
       to  user	 B, and user B has in turned granted it to user C, then user A
       cannot revoke the privilege directly from C.   Instead,	user  A	 could
       revoke  the grant option from user B and use the CASCADE option so that
       the privilege is in turn revoked from user C. For another  example,  if
       both A and B have granted the same privilege to C, A can revoke his own
       grant but not B's grant, so C will still effectively  have  the	privi-
       lege.

       When  a	non-owner  of  an  object attempts to REVOKE privileges on the
       object, the command will fail outright if the user  has	no  privileges
       whatsoever  on  the object. As long as some privilege is available, the
       command will proceed, but it will  revoke  only	those  privileges  for
       which  the user has grant options. The REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES forms will
       issue a warning message if no grant options are held, while  the	 other
       forms  will  issue a warning if grant options for any of the privileges
       specifically named in the command are not held.	 (In  principle	 these
       statements  apply  to  the object owner as well, but since the owner is
       always treated as holding  all  grant  options,	the  cases  can	 never
       occur.)

       If  a superuser chooses to issue a GRANT or REVOKE command, the command
       is performed as though it were issued by	 the  owner  of	 the  affected
       object.	Since  all  privileges	ultimately  come from the object owner
       (possibly indirectly via chains of grant options), it is possible for a
       superuser to revoke all privileges, but this may require use of CASCADE
       as stated above.

       REVOKE can also be done by a role that is not the owner of the affected
       object,	but is a member of the role that owns the object, or is a mem-
       ber of a role that holds privileges WITH GRANT OPTION on the object. In
       this case the command is performed as though it were issued by the con-
       taining role that actually owns the object or holds the privileges WITH
       GRANT  OPTION.  For  example, if table t1 is owned by role g1, of which
       role u1 is a member, then u1 can	 revoke	 privileges  on	 t1  that  are
       recorded	 as being granted by g1.  This would include grants made by u1
       as well as by other members of role g1.

       If the role executing REVOKE holds privileges indirectly via more  than
       one  role membership path, it is unspecified which containing role will
       be used to perform the command. In such cases it is  best  practice  to
       use  SET ROLE to become the specific role you want to do the REVOKE as.
       Failure to do so may lead to revoking privileges other  than  the  ones
       you intended, or not revoking anything at all.

EXAMPLES
       Revoke insert privilege for the public on table films:

       REVOKE INSERT ON films FROM PUBLIC;


       Revoke all privileges from user manuel on view kinds:

       REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES ON kinds FROM manuel;

       Note that this actually means ``revoke all privileges that I granted''.

       Revoke membership in role admins from user joe:

       REVOKE admins FROM joe;


COMPATIBILITY
       The  compatibility  notes  of the GRANT [grant(7)] command apply analo-
       gously to REVOKE. The syntax summary is:

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ] privileges
	   ON object [ ( column [, ...] ) ]
	   FROM { PUBLIC | username [, ...] }
	   { RESTRICT | CASCADE }

       One of RESTRICT or CASCADE is required according to the	standard,  but
       PostgreSQL assumes RESTRICT by default.

SEE ALSO
       GRANT [grant(7)]



SQL - Language Statements	  2010-12-14			      REVOKE()